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Objective: To investigate the psychological distress, and examine the effects of acculturative stress, positive coping, and negative coping and their interaction on psychological distress among international students in China. Methods: Totally 373 international students were surveyed from central China [being in China of (2. 2 ± 1. 7) years, 248 males, and 125 females]. Psychological distress was measured with the short version of Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18), acculturative stress was measured with the Acculturative Stress Scale for International Students (ASSIS), and positive coping (PC) and negative coping (NC) were measured with the Cope Inventory (COPE). Results: The average score of BSI-18 was (0. 66 ± 0. 72). The BSI-18 scores were positively correlated with the scores of ASSIS and NC (r = 0. 49, 0. 31, Ps ＜ 0. 001). Multiple regression showed that the scores of ASSIS, NC, and interaction of ASSIS and NC were positively correlated with the BSI-18 scores (β = 0. 43, 0. 19, 0. 26). Conclusion: Acculturative stress and negative coping are important related factors for psychological distress, and for students suffering higher acculturative stress, the effect of negative coping on psychological distress is larger.
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AIM To study the chemical constituents from Polygonum hydropiper L..METHODS The petroleum ether,ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of 95％ ethanol extract from P.hydropiper were isolated and purified by silica,Sephadex LH-20 and recrystallization,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by spectral data.RESULTS Thirteen compounds were isolated and identified as β-sitosterol (1),aniba dimer A (2),succinic acid (3),quercetin (4),gallic acid (5),daucosterol (6),quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (7),kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucoside (8),quercetin-3-O-β-galactoside (9),kaempferol-3-O-β-galactoside (10),stigmast-4-ene-3β,6a-diol (11),fumaric acid (12),ellagic acid (13).CONCLUSION Compounds 11 and 12 are isolated from genus Polygonum for the first time,compounds 2,8,10 and 13 are first obtained from this plant.
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Objective To explore the mediating effect of psychological flexibility in the relationship between the two dimensions of type-D personality(negative affect and social inhibition)and pathological in-ternet use.Methods 592 university students were sampled from central China district and were adminis-tered with Adolescent Pathological Internet Use Scale(APIUS),Type-D personality scale(DS14)and Ac-ceptance and Action Questionnaire-Second Edition(AAQ-Ⅱ).Results Pathological internet use(2.56 ± 0.61)positively correlated with negative affect(1.58±0.78)and social inhibition(1.96±0.61)(r=0.37, 0.25)respectively,and negatively correlated with psychological flexibility(4.69±1.15)(r=-0.40).Path a-nalysis with latent variables showed psychological flexibility partially but significantly mediated the predictive effect of negative affect and social inhibition on pathological internet use.The mediation rates were 56% for negative affect and 62% for social inhibition.Conclusion Psychological flexibility has significant incremen-tal validity beyond two dimensions of type-D personality,and partially mediated the effect of negative affect and social inhibition on pathological internet use.These results suggest the intervention focus of PIU can be psychological flexibility.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To design a kind of internal fixation device to treat the syndesmosis injury.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The elastic syndesmosis hook plate is made of medical stainless steel alloy, which is consisted of locking or common screw fixing hole of the tibial side for the head, tridentate fork like arc anatomical fibula side plate for the tail and serpentine elastic connecting body. By reduction of the joint of the lower tibia and fibula, the steel plate tail is fixed at the side of the fibula and the head is fixed at the side of the tibia for fixing the symphysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The design of elastic syndesmosis hook plate is reasonable, and the operation is convenient. There is no need to penetrate the substantia ossea and the plate has elastic micro-movement feature, the problem of internal fixation breakage and loosening is avoid in huge degree, so it is safe and reliable.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The elastic syndesmosis hook plate is a new type medical apparatus of internal fixation of the symphysis, which is worthy of clinical popularization and application.</p>
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Humans , Ankle Injuries , Bone Plates , Bone Screws , Fibula , Fracture Fixation, Internal , Stainless Steel , TibiaABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Autologous bone graft was always applied to repair bony cavity defect produced by benign bone tumor.OBJECTIVE: Taking autogenous bone graft for repairing bony cavity defect caused by bone tumor or tumor-like pathological change as control standard, to observe transplantation of deproteined bovine cancellous bone combined with autogenous red marrow in occluding the residual cavity and the density of newly formed bone.DESIGN: A randomized grouping design, controlled observation SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, the 175 Hospital of Chinese PLA PARTICIPANTS:We recruited 175 cases of bony cavity defect who received treatment in the Department of Orthopaedics, the 175 Hospital of Chinese PLA from July 1993 to July 1998. They were randomly assigned into two groups: experimental group and control group. There were 63 cases treated in the experimental group. The average disease-suffering time was (6.2±2.1) months and bone defect was (136±30) mm3. There were 62 cases treated in the control group. The average disease-suffering time was (6.1±2.3)months, and bone defect was (133±37) mm3.METHODS: Deproteined bovine cancellous bone combined with autogenous red marrow was transplanted in the experimental group and autologous bone graft was applied in the control group. We curetted tumor completely, cauterized the wound with alcohol of 0.95 volume fraction, then curetted the area of cauterization to make it bled. Bone graft was applied.The quantity of implanted bone should be abundant, and disposed compactly. The X-ray films of the first week after operation were used as a standard for density of new bone growth. X-ray films were taken at the 3rd,6th and 8th months postoperatively, and the X-ray films of the eighth months after operation were used as a standard.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: To compare the bone union in two groups with a standard of residual cavity occluding and density of bone growth.RESULTS: All patients were followed up for an average of 20 months.One case was lost six months after operation. And two cases were lost eighteen months after operation respectively in the experimental group and control group. After 8 months of operation, residual cavities of bone defect of 44 cases in experimental group and 46 cases in control group were disappeared. Palingenetic bone fused with left bone organization. Its density was the same as or higher than normal bone organization. Residual cavities of 12 cases in experimental group and 10 cases in control group were disappeared basically. The density of palingenetic bone was approximate to normal bone organization. To compare with autologous bone graft, deproteined bovine cancellous bone and an autogenous red marrow had an identical effect for repairing bony cavity defect.CONCLUSION: Bony cavity defect produced by benign bone tumor is often repaired by bone transplantation. To explore the substitutable grafting materials of autogenous bone in this study, a composite material composed of deproteined bovine cancellous bone and an autogenous red marrow (DBCAM) is applied to repair the bony cavity defect.
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BACKGROUND: After internal fixation is applied to femoral shaft fracture with medial cortical defect, the fixation device is often bended and broken due to the stress on it. So far, reliable methods have not been found to solve this problem in clinic.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the biomechanical stability of the allograft bone plate after a bony defect of the medial cortex is reconstructed with allograft bone plate.DESIGN: A randomized controlled experimental study.SETTING: This trial was conducted in the Department of Orthopaedics, the 175 Hospital of Chinese PLA, and Laboratory of Biomechanics, First Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: This trial was conducted in Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, First Military Medical University. MTS858 Biomix biomaterial testing machine was used to simulate model of femoral shaft fracture on 3male adult femurs donated voluntarily by their relatives, aged 23, 24 and 28years old.INTERVENTIONS: The fracture model of medial cortical defect was made in the femurs. Different kinds of fixation were applied and the results were compared between fixated femurs and the normal ones. The fixations included steel plate fixation(fixation for group 1 ), steel plate with allograft bone plate fixation(fixation for group 2), steel plate with allograft bone plate fixation and reduction of the medial cortical fragment(fixation for group 3).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The vertical compression displacement under 500 N load, three-point bending strength under 10 N and anti-torsional angle under 300 N load are all measured.RESULTS: The vertical compression displacement and three-point bending strength of the control group were insignificantly different from those of the fixation group 3 ( P ＞ 0.05), but significantly different from those of the fixation group 1 and 2 ( P ＜ 0.05). The anti-torsional angle of the control group was significantly different from that of the three fixation groups( P ＜ 0. 05) . The result of fixation in fixation group 1 was the worst, better in fixation group 2and the best in fixation group 3.CONCLUSION: When there is a medial cortical defect in the femur, reconstruction with a bone plate can recover the integrity of the femoral medial cortex, and the successful rate of the plate internal fixation is increased.
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Objective To develop and apply portable bracket of lower limb in operation of tibia interlocking intramedullary nail. Methods Portable bracket of lower limb is composed of two fir panels and support structure. The level of support and the knee flexion is controlled with it. It is used in preoperative high-pressure disinfection, and then trouble limb is placed on the bracket to complete operation of tibia interlocking intramedullary nail. Results The applications save labor, reduce iatrogenic injury, make for union of fracture and avoid radiation damage of staff. No one is used to lift up leg in operation procedure and X-ray examination. Conclusion Potable bracket of lower limb has advantages in simple production, low cost, labor-saving, minimally invasive surgery wound and so on.
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Objective To determine the endothelial function, endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE) activity and ECE mRNA level in patients of diabetes with macroangiopathy, and to investigate the effect of the endothelial function change in type 2 diabetes and diabetes with macroangiopathy. Methods Sixty healthy persons and 40 patients of type 2 diabetes and 60 patients of type 2 diabetes with macroangiopathy were recruited for the study. The activity of ECE in white blood cells was measured by an established method. Endothelial function, ECE activity and expression of ECE mRNA were determined by ELISA, RIA and RT-PCR respectively. Results The expression of ECE mRNA and the ECE activity were increased in patients of type 2 diabetes, especially in diabetics with macroangiopathy. The damage of endothelial function in the diabetic patients was very common. Conclusion High level of ECE activity relates to the damage of endothelial function. High level of ECE activity and up-regulation of expression of ECE mRNA may play a key role in the development of diabetic macroangiopathy.